• 1910        --      Frank and Lillian Gilbreth - Industrial Engineers (the inspiration for the movie Cheaper by the Dozen)   
  • 1950        --      Birth of the discipline "human factors engineering" occurs in the Aviation world

                           Groundbreaking article by M Rappaport in Human Factors Journal         


                                                         First book with several examples of research on HFE and various aspects of medicine - from a 1974 symposium

                           Jeff Cooper writes seminal article about using HFE methods in anesthesia settings


                           D Gopher writes about using HFE and observation studies to look at close calls in the ICU


                           John Gosbee and others begin applying usability testing and other HFE methods
                            Human factors applied to Medical Device Design
                            Laura Lin (Gosbee) and others begin applying HFE to medical device design
                                 
                                                       [Read about the personal history of John and Laura]
History of HFE in Healthcare